Phylloxera Crisis

Intermediate History & Culture

Definition

The devastating vine plague that destroyed European vineyards in the 1860s-1890s.

In Depth

The tiny aphid Phylloxera vastatrix, native to North America, was accidentally imported to Europe. It destroyed approximately 70% of European vineyards over three decades, including virtually all of France. The solution — grafting European vines onto resistant American rootstock — permanently changed viticulture. Chile and some isolated areas escaped, preserving ungrafted, pre-phylloxera vines.

Related Guides

The Phylloxera Crisis: When Wine Almost Died

Details

Category: History & Culture
Difficulty: Intermediate

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